This report was prepared by a team led by Bernard Aritua (Senior Infrastructure Specialist), Jenny Jing Chao (Public Private Partnerships Specialist) and Peter Johansen (Senior Energy Specialist). The multi-sectorial team included World Bank and international experts in transport, energy, digital, agriculture, extractives, public investments, private financing and macro-fiscal.

The core team members were Bryan C. Land (Lead Mining Specialist), Jan Havenga (Professor of Logistics, Stellenbosch University), Zane Simpson (Freight and Data modeler), Stefaan Swarts (Data Scientist), Jean-Pascal Nganou (Senior Economist), Jaap van der Merwe (Railway & Logistics expert), Temuulen Bayaraa (Data & Technology Consultant), Slavena Georgieva (Energy Consultant), Khaliun Bat Orig (Infrastructure Finance), Siou Chew Kuek (Senior Digital Development Specialist), and Badamchimeg Dondog (Public Sector Specialist).

The work was carried out under the overall supervision of Martin Raiser (Country Director for China, Korea and Mongolia), Andrei Mikhnev (Country Manager for Mongolia), and Ranjit Lamech (Regional Director for Infrastructure, East Asia and Pacific Region). The team received guidance from practice managers of infrastructure sectors: Fatouma Toure Ibrahima (Infrastructure, PPPs and Guarantees) Binyam Reja (Transport), Jie Tang (Energy), and Christopher Gilbert Sheldon (Extractives).

This work would not have taken off without strategic direction by Bekele Debele (Program Leader). The team is grateful to individuals who provided technical input at various stages: Davaadalai Batsuuri, Jennifer Gui, Masatake Yamamichi, Amarbayasgalan Dorj, Sitaramachandra Machiraju, René Meeuws, and Rufat Alimardanov.

The report benefitted from valuable expert advice received from peer reviewers: Jigjidmaa Dugeree (Senior Private Sector Specialist), Charles Kunaka (Lead Private Sector Specialist), Chanin Manopiniwes (Senior Transport Specialist), Jeff Delmon (Senior Infrastructure Finance Specialist), James Andersen (Lead Governance Specialist).

The team is grateful to the following organizations that have anchored the InfraSAP - Ministry of Road and Transport Development, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, National Development Agency, and Ministry of Finance. The authors acknowledge the excellent discussions and feedback from members of the InfraSAP working group and various officials from organizations in Mongolia. We are grateful to experts from the following organizations for sharing their experience and insights and providing data: Ministry of Road and Transport Development, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, National Development Agency, and Ministry of Finance, National Statistics Office, Ministry of Energy, National Logistics Association, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Ministry of Construction and Urban Planning, Ministry of Agriculture and Light Industry, ICT Agency, Customs Agency, Development Bank of Mongolia, UB Railway JVC, Mongolian Railway Company, Mongolian Logistics Association, Ministry of Mning and Heavy Industry.

The authors also wish to acknowledge various reports and policy documents that have been referred to in the study and referenced in this report.

The team is grateful to Indra Baatarkhuu (Communications Associate) for her advice on the dissemination of the report. Arailym Murat, Azeb Afework, and Gantuya Paniga provided outstanding operational and administrative support to the entire infraSAP process and activities