The present paper provides the conceptual framework for the analysis of relationship betweeneconomic interdependence and conflict prevention, management, and solving. It starts byproviding an overview of arguments of two main schools of thought that have been in debateover relationship between the two variables: the liberals, arguing for the pacifying effects ofeconomic interdependence, and the realists, according to whom as interdependence betweencountries increases, so does the threat to their autonomy and national security, and thuslikelihood of a conflict. It subsequently explores research focused on the question ofconditionality of the relationship between the economic interdependence (usuallyoperationalized in terms of trade exchange) and conflict: the impact of the type of politicalregime, (a)symmetry of relationship between economic partners, multilateralism, and tradeagreements on the strength (and indeed outcome) on the interdependence-peace nexus. Further,analytical papers focused specifically on the countries in the Middle East and North Africa arereviewed. Finally, the paper examines specific aspects of the MENA region, focusing on factorsflagged in the literature investigated as having a potential impact on the strength (or otherwise)of the pacifying effect of the economic interdependence. It concludes with summary of thefindings from the literature review conducted, highlighting new variables such as potential tradewars or the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, that might have to be taken into consideration in futureresearch.