The publication of the first Net Zero Roadmap by the International Energy Agency (IEA) in May 2021 was a landmark moment for the energy and climate world, setting out what would need to happen in the global energy sector in the years and decades ahead to limit global warming to 1.5 °C. The interest in the report was huge. The world finally had an authoritative benchmark for what a clear pathway to net zero energy sector CO2 emissions by 2050 would look like – something against which the proliferation of net zero pledges could be compared.The significance of the report was reflected by the massive number of readers it attracted online. It quickly became our most viewed and downloaded publication ever, a sign of the strong demand for clear and unbiased analysis, translating the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement into practical milestones for the global energy sector. Our Roadmap became a reference point for governments, companies, investors and civil society, helping inform discussions and decision-making on pursuing secure, inclusive and affordable transitions to clean energy.Much has happened since its launch two and half years ago: first, the strong and carbon￾intensive economic recovery from the Covid crisis; then, the global energy crisis triggered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The negative consequences of these major events include the rise of global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions to a new record in 2022 and increased investment in new fossil fuel projects.