In 2022, the economic and social conditions and sustainability of the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean have been shaped not only by internal circumstances but also nearly two decades of external shocks and changes in globalization which, while varying in nature and intensity across countries, have worsened investment and production conditions in the region in a context of growing uncertainty. These shocks include the global financial crisis of 2008–2009, economic tensions between the United States and Europe with China beginning in 2017, the crisis of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic since 2020 and the war between the Russian Federation and Ukraine since February 2022. All this, in the context of technological, environmental and demographic changes and slowing foreign direct investment and global trade, despite strong growth in trade in services, particularly technology-enabled ones.