Quantum technologies are expected to lead to new products and services having potentially transformative impacts across many sectors. Recognising the disruptive potential of quantum technologies in the future, several countries and funders have taken active measures to invest in quantum technologies research and innovation (R&I). However, despite the numerous opportunities, the development and application of quantum technologies also pose several challenges and risks that will need to be addressed if the benefits of the technologies are to be fully realised.

This report analyses the development and adoption of quantum computing technologies in the life sciences sector with a particular focus on quantum computers and quantum simulators. The scope of the research – referred to by the phrase quantum computers and simulators – covers different aspects related to the hardware and software components required for operation. This includes topics such as quantum electronics, quantum software, quantum algorithms, quantum materials, and qubit control and engineering, and the applications of these topics to the life sciences (the broader topics of quantum sensing and quantum communication were not considered within the scope of the research).

We have analysed the research landscape of quantum computers and simulators focusing on key R&I developments, potential applications and the general direction of travel of developments within the ecosystem. Specifically, through a detailed literature review, interviews with a range of stakeholders and a comprehensive scientometric analysis, the work focuses on addressing the following main research questions: 1.

What are the current developments associated with the application of quantum computers and simulators to the life sciences?

2.

What are the potential opportunities and challenges associated with the application of quantum computers and simulators to the life sciences?

3.

How are initiatives (including policy measures, strategies, actions and plans) being adopted globally to strengthen the quantum technology R&I ecosystem?