The PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research gives you a bank of over 5000 words and phrases to help you write, present and publish at university and research level in English.

Phrases are divided into around 30 main sections, such as Introducing a Study, Arguing For and Against, Reviewing other Work, Summarizing and Conclusions. Many sections are further divided, for example the Relationship to Previous Work and the Limitations of Current Knowledge (see below for example phrases).

Writing Help sections give advice on university and research writing in English, helping you to avoid many common errors. Main chapters include Style, Spelling, Punctuation, Grammar, Vocabulary, Numbers and Time. These include subsections on for example Referring to Yourself, British and US Spellings, and Punctuating Quotations.

The 4th edition also includes a University and Research Thesaurus to help you improve your academic vocabulary, as well as a Glossary of University and Research Terminology.

The PhraseBook is used in more than 30 countries in subjects ranging from Medicine, Engineering, Science and Technology to Law, Business and Economics, Geography, History, Sociology, Psychology, Language and Education.

- Over 5000 words and phrases to help you write, present and publish in English
- Written by PhD authors
- Specially designed for non-native speakers
- Suitable for university and research writing from student to researcher and faculty level
- Includes most frequent words in academic English
- Exercises for individual and classroom use
- British and American English

Example phrases

Introducing your work
The study will begin by outlining...
This study addresses a number of issues...
The following section sets out...
...to examine the research problem in detail
...to shed light on a number of problem areas in current theory
The paper presented here is based in part on an earlier study

Arguing for and against
This becomes clear when one examines...
This lends weight to the argument that...
Support for this interpretation comes from...
While it may well be valid that..., this study argues the importance of...
A serious drawback of this approach is...
One of the prime failings of this theory or explanation is...

Reviewing other work
X takes little or no account of...
There is little evidence to suggest that...
The study offers only cursory examination of...
X gives a detailed if not always tenable analysis of...
The authors' claim that...is not well founded.
X's explanation is not implausible, if not entirely satisfactory.

Analysis and explanation
If, for the sake of argument, we assume...
One of the most obvious consequences of...is...
Although it may well be true that..., it is important not to overlook...
It is important to distinguish carefully between...
The extent to which this reflects...is unclear.
A more plausible explanation for or of...would...
The reason for...is unknown, but...has been suggested by X as a possible factor.

Summary and conclusions
Concluding this section, we can say that...
Chapter X draws together the main findings of the paper.
A number of key issues have been addressed in this study.
This study has highlighted a number of problem areas in existing theory.
While the initial findings are promising, further research is necessary.

The results of this study suggest a number of new avenues for research.

The PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research为你提供了一个包含5000多个单词和短语的资料库，以帮助你在大学和研究水平上用英语写作、展示和发表。

短语分为大约30个主要部分，如介绍一项研究、论证支持和反对、回顾其他工作、总结和结论。许多部分被进一步划分，例如，与以前工作的关系和当前知识的局限性（见下文中的例子短语）。

写作帮助部分提供了关于大学和研究用英语写作的建议，帮助你避免许多常见错误。主要章节包括风格、拼写、标点符号、语法、词汇、数字和时间。这些章节还包括一些小节，例如提及自己、英国和美国的拼写以及标点引语。

第四版还包括一个大学和研究术语库，以帮助你提高学术词汇量，以及大学和研究术语词汇表。

该短语书在30多个国家使用，涉及的科目包括医学、工程、科学和技术、法律、商业和经济、地理、历史、社会学、心理学、语言和教育。

- 超过5000个单词和短语，帮助你用英语写作、演讲和发表。

- 由博士生作者撰写

- 专为非母语人士设计

- 适用于从学生到研究人员和教员级别的大学和研究写作

- 包括学术英语中最常见的词汇

- 适合个人和课堂使用的练习

- 英式和美式英语

短语示例

介绍你的工作

这项研究将首先概述......。

这项研究涉及一些问题......

下面的部分阐述了...

...对研究问题进行详细研究

...阐明当前理论中的一些问题领域

本文的部分内容是基于早期的一项研究。

支持和反对的论点

当我们研究......时，这一点就很清楚了。

这为以下论点增加了分量：...

对这种解释的支持来自于...

虽然......很可能是有效的，但本研究论证了......的重要性。

这种方法的一个严重缺点是

这一理论或解释的主要缺陷之一是

回顾其他工作

X很少或没有考虑到

没有什么证据表明

该研究只提供了粗略的检查...

X对......进行了详细的分析，尽管不一定站得住脚。

作者声称......是没有根据的。

X的解释即使不完全令人满意，也不是不可信的。

分析和解释

为论证起见，如果我们假设......。

之一，最明显的后果是......。

虽然......很可能是真的，但重要的是不要忽视......。

重要的是要仔细区分......。

这反映出......的程度还不清楚。

对......的更合理的解释是......。

导致......的原因尚不清楚，但......已被X建议为一个可能的因素。

总结和结论

结束这一节，我们可以说......。

第十章总结了本文的主要发现。

本研究中已经解决了一些关键问题。

本研究强调了现有理论中的一些问题领域。

虽然初步的研究结果是有希望的，但进一步的研究是必要的。

本研究的结果提出了一些新的研究途径。